Frequency ɲuman sugandili RFID Keyfobs kama

Frequency ɲuman sugandili RFID Keyfobs kama

 

Marisikalo san 2024, lakana ɲininikɛlaw kulu dɔ ye bɔnbu dɔ ci lotɛli baarakɛlaw ma. Lennert Wouters ka bɔ KU Leuven ani Ian Carroll ye min bɔ, u ye min wele ko Unsaflok-o ye cakɛda ye min bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka Dormakaba Saflok dakunw kɔnɔ, minnu b’a to u bɛ da fɛn o fɛn da lotɛli kɔnɔ ni kilisi fila ye minnu dilannen don. Kɔlɔsili miliyɔn 3 ni kɔ. 131 jamana. 13,000 nafolo.

 

Kicker ye wa? O dakunw tun bɛ feere kabini san 1988.

 

WIRED y’a datugu. BleepingComputer, The Hacker News ani SecurityWeek fana y’o kɛ. Dormakaba ye ɲɔgɔn sɛgɛsɛgɛ ka taa patɔrɔnw ka sigidaw la, nka u ka san 2024 marisikalo jirali la, 36% dɔrɔn de tun labɛnna. A tɔw bɛ kɛnɛ kan hali bi.

 

Mun de y’a to binkanni in kɛra? O dakunw tun bɛ baara kɛ ni MIFARE Classic puwɛntiw ye minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni Crypto-1 encryption ye-sistema cryptographers tun bɛ ka lasɔmi min kan kabini san tan ni kɔ. Ɲininikalaw y’a kari ni Flipper Zero ye. Minɛnw musaka : dɔrɔmɛ kɛmɛ damadɔ.

 

O de ye frequency selection kɔrɔ ye tiɲɛ na dondaw kɔlɔsili la.

 

 

125 kHz cogoya

 

A yɔrɔ min man di, o filɛ nin ye.

 

RFID min ka dɔgɔ-frequence min bɛ 125 kHz la, o ye fɛɛrɛ kɔrɔlenba ye min bɛ baara la hali bi. EM4100, TK4100, HID ProxCard-tɔgɔ minnu bɛ jira spec sheets kan yɔrɔ bɛɛ k’a ta sow kɔnɔ ka se tɔnw ka kalansow ma.

 

O puwɛntiw bɛ fɛn kelen de Kɛ: u bɛ nimɔrɔ latigɛlen dɔ Lase n’u Sera kalanden dɔ gɛrɛfɛ. Boloci tɛ kɛ. Gɛlɛya-jaabi tɛ. Encryption (kodɔn) tɛ yen fewu.

 

ICT, n’o ye Nuwɛlika dondaw kɔlɔsili tɔn ye, o ye ɲɛjirali dɔ bila san 2023 k’a jira k’u ka kulu bɛ 125 kHz karti dɔ clone segin duuru kɔnɔ ni minɛn ye min bɛ se dɔrɔmɛ 30 ma. Kisi, n’o ye lakana feerela wɛrɛ ye, o ye sɛbɛnw bɔ minnu b’a jira ko Flipper Zero bɛ se ka seereyaw kopi kɛ waribɔlanw ni bɔrɔw fɛ segin kelen kɔnɔ. TikTok falen bɛ wideyow la. O tɛ teori ye.

 

O la mun na mɔgɔ dɔ bɛ 125 kHz bila sen kan hali bi? A fanba ye infrastructures legacy ye. So min kalanbaga 500 ani seereyaw 10 000 bɛ min kɔnɔ, o tɛ se ka fɛn bɛɛ tigɛ su kelen kɔnɔ. Fana musaka-buk prix kan EM4100 keyfobs bɛ se ka $0.15 gosi unit kelen na walima ka dɔgɔn. Farikoloɲɛnajɛyɔrɔ walima fɛn marayɔrɔ la, bagabagali modɛli ye "mɔgɔ dɔ bɛ se ka don a kɔnɔ ka don a kɔnɔ", o jatebɔ bɛ se ka kɛ hakilina ye.

 

Fɛn o fɛn bɛ ni lakana wajibiyalen lakikaw ye, o tɛ kɛ.

 

13,56 MHz tɛ otomatiki lakanani ye

 

Unsaflok ko in b'a Jira tigitigi mun na "upgrade to high frequency" tɛ jaabi dafalen ye.

 

MIFARE Classic bɛ baara kɛ ni 13,56 MHz ye ISO 14443 kɔnɔ.A bɛ ni kodɔn ye. A bɛ ni tiɲɛni ye. Wa a ye kari cogo o cogo, bawo Crypto-1 tun ye proprietaire ye ani barika tun ka dɔgɔ. Ɲininikalaw minnu ye Dormakaba ka dakunw kari, olu ma bɔnɛ kura sɔrɔ-u ye nafa sɔrɔ lakana jɛkulu tun bɛ min dɔn kabini san 2008.

Patɔrɔn min bɛ yan: 13,56 MHz bɛ infrastructure (fɛn) Di i ma walasa ka encryption (kodɔn) Kɛ ka ɲɛ, nka puce (puce) min bɛ a kɔnɔ, o nafa ka bon ka Tɛmɛ frequency (fɔkan) kan min sɛbɛnnen bɛ label (sɛbɛnni) kan.

 

MIFARE DESFire ni AES-128 bɛ to lakana la binkanni dɔntaw kama. NTAG seriyali puwɛntiw walasa ka baara nɔgɔmanw kɛ. Olu ye u yɛrɛ minɛ. MIFARE Classic ma o kɛ.

 

 

Aw ye yɔrɔjan ni dankarili kalan

 

Mɔgɔw ​​b’a ɲininka tuma dɔw la ni 13,56 MHz keyfobs bɛ baara kɛ finiw fɛ i n’a fɔ 125 kHz bɛ baara kɛ cogo min na.

 

Jaabi surun: ɔwɔ. Frequency fila bɛɛ bɛ baara kɛ ni inductive coupling ye access control distances typiques la. Range sigilen bɛ santimɛtɛrɛ 1-10 lamini na keyfob foroko fanba la. Nɛgɛfɛn minnu bɛ telefɔniw kɛrɛfɛ-telefɔniw, kilisi, cɛsirilan sirilanw-bɛ se ka antɛni detune ani ka a ɲini ka pɔnpe filanan kɛ. Foyi tɛ fɛn ye min bɛ mɔgɔ kabakoya.

 

UHF min bɛ 860-960 MHz la o ye fizik danfaralen ye. Kuranko kɔkanna jɛnsɛnni sanni ka kɛ inductive coupling ye. Kalansenw janya minnu bɛ mɛtɛrɛ damadɔw la. Nafa bɛ bolifɛnw jɔyɔrɔw da la walima fɛnmarayɔrɔw ka fɛnw na, gɛlɛya bɛ da doncogo la i b’a fɛ yɔrɔ min na seereyaw ka tiɲɛ dɔrɔn ni baarakɛla b’a fɛ k’o kɛ.

 

Sigidaw ka frequency tilali fana bɛ UHF bandw tila cogo wɛrɛ la Ameriki Woroduguyanfan ni Erɔpu cɛ, o min bɛ diɲɛ kɔnɔ baarakɛcogo gɛlɛya.

 

Kɔnɔnafili ni ɲagami tɛ

 

Dual-frequency keyfobs bɛ yen kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la phased transitions kama. So kelen kɔnɔ, 125 kHz ni 13,56 MHz puce fila bɛɛ bɛ sɔrɔ. Legacy kalanbagaw bɛ kelen ye, kalanden minnu sɛgɛsɛgɛra ka taa a fɛ, olu bɛ tɔ kelen ye. Seereyaw bɛ to baarakɛlaw fɛ swap bɛɛ kɔnɔ.

 

O gɛlɛya ye antɛni dilanni ye. Puce fila bɛɛ ka kan ka kalan ni dannaya ye k’a sɔrɔ u ma dankari kɛ. Keyfob izini bɛɛ tɛ nin cogo in sɔrɔ. Aw bɛ baara kɛcogo sɛgɛsɛgɛ sani aw ka aw yɛrɛ bila hakɛ komandiw la.

 

Ɲininkali yɛrɛyɛrɛ

 

Frequency selection ye proxy ye desizɔn wɛrɛ kama: i b’i janto cogo di ni mɔgɔ dɔ ye seere dɔ kopi kɛ?

 

• 125 kHz tɛ ni lafasali ye. Mɔgɔ o mɔgɔ bɛ ni $30 ye ani miniti tan YouTube ye, o bɛ se ka keyfob clone.
• 13,56 MHz ni MIFARE Classic tun bɛ i ko a lakananen don nka a tun tɛ. Lotɛliw bɛ ka o binkanni in ɲɛnabɔ hali bi.
• 13,56 MHz ni DESFire walima a ɲɔgɔnna bɛ se ka wuli- sisan.

- Unsaflok ɲininikɛlaw

 

San bi saba-wɔɔrɔ ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye. O de ye musaka ye ka frequency ni chip sugandili jugu sɔrɔ.